What is Bowman's capsule?

• A. Cup-shaped structure enclosing glomerulus where filtration takes place
• B. A vessel that carries urine
• C. A segment of the ureter
• D. A hormone produced by kidney

Answer: (A)

Bowman's capsule is the cup-shaped structure that surrounds the glomerulus in the nephron, forming the renal corpuscle. Its job is to collect the filtrate produced when blood is filtered through the glomerular capillaries. This filtrate collects in Bowman's space and then moves into the renal tubules to be modified into urine. This surrounding-and-collecting role exactly matches the function described as enclosing the glomerulus and where filtration takes place.

The other descriptions don’t fit Bowman's capsule: a vessel that carries urine refers to the ureter, a segment of the ureter is part of the urinary tract, and a hormone produced by the kidney (like erythropoietin) is a substance secreted by kidney cells, not a capsule surrounding the glomerulus.