Which statement defines prokaryotic cells?

• A. Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
• B. Plant Cells
• C. Animal Cells
• D. Cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles

Answer: (D)

Prokaryotic cells are defined by their lack of a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material is located in a nucleoid region within the cytoplasm, not enclosed by a nuclear envelope. They do not have organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, or Golgi apparatus, which are surrounded by membranes in more complex cells. Because of this simpler organization, prokaryotes (like bacteria and archaea) contrast with plant and animal cells, which are eukaryotic and contain a nucleus and various membrane-bound compartments. Therefore, the statement describing cells without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles best defines prokaryotic cells.